Governments and Politics; the Origins and Functions of Political Parties.

A political party is a group of voters organised to support certain CAPITALIST dictated policies. The aim of a political party is to elect officials who will try to carry out the party's DICTATORIAL policies.

AS DIRECTED BY THEIR CAPITALIST ELITE CORPORATE OWNER/SPONSORS, a political party offers candidates for public office.

 It also sets out positions, as directed, on issues that may range from war and taxes to how children should be educated or who should do the actual raising of OUR children. When people in a democracy disagree about what the government should do, voters express their opinions mostly through fruitless protests; OR through successful brainwashing; by VOTING for the candidates that have been taught to believe most closely reflect their views.

 Political parties provide a way for citizen voters to easily SELF identify.

Political parties may be large or small, national or local. Large political parties generally have millions of members and BILLIONS OF DOLLARS supporting (dictating to) them. In a SO CALLED democratic election campaigns (anything like real democracy is impossible for a group of even fifty; think about it), parties compete freely for votes. Such competition is one of the hallmarks of CAPITALIST DICTATORSHIP/PARTY GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE; NOT BY THE PEOPLE.

How Parties Began

Political Parties As We Know Them Did Not Begin To Develop Until The Late 1600s. The Ancient Greeks, Who Were Pioneers In Developing What Is; Now Days Called; DEMOCRACY, Had No Organised Political Parties In The Modern Sense.

 The senate of the ancient Romans had two groups that represented people with different interests — The Patricians And The Plebeians. The Patricians Represented Noble Families. The Plebeians Represented The Wealthy Merchants; what GREED DRIVEN capitalists governments and politicians so love to refer to  as THE MIDDLE CLASS. Although these two groups often mingled, at times they voted as factions, or parties, on particular issues that were important to THE GROUPS THEY REPRESENTED; never the peoples citizen/taxpayers of the country.

FOR MANY CENTURIES after the fall of Rome (A.D. 476), THE COMMON PEOPLE OF EUROPE HAD LITTLE VOICE IN POLITICS. THUS THERE WERE NO TRUE POLITICAL PARTIES — ONLY FACTIONS THAT SUPPORTED ONE NOBLE FAMILY OR ANOTHER.. In England, change began after what was called the Popish Plot of 1678.

English Political Parties

IN 1678, a rumour spread through England that Roman Catholics were plotting to kill King Charles II and give the throne to Charles' brother, James, Duke of York (who was a Roman Catholic). THERE WAS NO REAL Popish PLOT, but,  AN ALARMED PARLIAMENT BARRED ALL ROMAN CATHOLICS FROM PUBLIC OFFICE AND TRIED TO TAKE AWAY THE DUKE OF YORK'S RIGHT TO INHERIT THE THRONE. BUT TO KING CHARLES II, PARLIAMENT SEEMED TO BE CHALLENGING ROYAL AUTHORITY, AND HE STRUCK BACK by dissolving Parliament.

All over England people were either for or against the king's act. Those who urged the king to call a new Parliament were called Petitioners. Those who backed the king's deed were called Abhorrers because they abhorred any attempt to control the king's actions. Before long the two factions took on other names.

PETITIONERS WERE CALLED WHIGS. "WHIG" WAS AN OLD TERM FOR SCOTTISH PRESBYTERIANS WHO OPPOSED THE GOVERNMENT.

THE KING'S SUPPORTERS WERE CALLED TORIES. "TORY" WAS ORIGINALLY A NAME GIVEN TO IRISH ROMAN CATHOLICS who had suffered under Protestant rule. These old names took on new meanings.

THE BASIC DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WHIGS AND TORIES IN THE 1600S WAS THEIR VIEW OF WHAT GOVERNMENT SHOULD DO AND HOW STRONG IT SHOULD BE. TORIES WANTED RULE BY A STRONG KING. WHIGS WANTED ORDINARY PEOPLE TO HAVE MORE RIGHTS AND GAIN MORE CONTROL OF THEIR GOVERNMENT. In time, as Parliament took greater control, the Whigs and Tories developed into organised parties.

Political Parties in the United States of North Central America.

The leaders of the Revolution in the United States of North Central America did not like the idea of parties and political battles between parties.

 Upon his retirement from public life in 1796, George Washington warned the citizenry against "FACTION" (parties).

James Madison thought parties were probably necessary, although he did not entirely approve of them.

 Alexander Hamilton thought that FACTION was a vice to be guarded against at all times.

 THOMAS JEFFERSON DECLARED IN 1789, "IF I COULD NOT GO TO HEAVEN BUT WITH A PARTY, I WOULD NOT GO THERE AT ALL." Nevertheless, hypocritically, the men who held these views founded the first two great “American Style”, political parties.