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Tuesday, 21 June 2016

Only Three Countries, in the Entire World – Guatemala, Mexico and the United States of North America – Have a Constitutional Right to Arms.

THE UNITED STATES OF NORTH HAS THE HIGHEST FIREARM HOMICIDE RATE IN THE DEVELOPED WORLD (AND THE HIGHEST RATE OF UNINTENTIONAL FIREARM DEATHS, A FACT THAT RENDERS ALL ARGUMENT , BY CANADIANS AND/OR AUSTRALIANS, AGAINST GUN CONTROL INVALID. OBVIOUSLY, ANY FIRE ARM IS NOT A TOOL FOR SELF DEFENCE IT IS A WEAPON OF ASSAULT-- WITH INTENT.
Although, they pretend to be and are often thought to be, especially by many Canadians the world authority on guns, rifles,  (smooth bore)pistols, and other semi or full automatic hand guns; the gun culture of the United States of North America is almost wholly exceptional and unique— that much we know.
 The United States of North America has more guns than any other country (300 million) and more guns per person (9 guns for every 10 people).
But what of the constitutional apparatus that sustains North American gun culture? How exceptional is the Second Amendment, which protects the right of citizens of the United States of North America to "keep and bear Arms"?
It turns out, it is also pretty anomalous.
It’s actually rather unusual for gun rights to be included in a constitution. During my research, I identified only fifteen constitutions (in nine countries) that had ever included an explicit right to bear arms. Almost all of these constitutions have been in Latin America, and most were from the 19th century. Only three countries – Guatemala, Mexico and the United States – have a constitutional right to arms.
Of the fifteen countries that have any RIGHT, The United States of North America is the ONLY one that does not explicitly include a restrictive condition.
In the United States of North America an interpretation of the court, in 2008, ruled that the Second Amendment protected the individual—not just militia- right to bear arms.
Of course, the right to bear arms dates back before the 1st United States Congress, when the first 10 amendments were ratified, to the English Bill of Rights from 1689, which guaranteed, among other things, that Protestants could bear arms "as allowed by the law." Indeed, in striking down a Washington, D.C. handgun ban in 2008, the Supreme Court ruled that the right to bear arms derives from a "pre-existing" right to self-defence established after England’s Glorious Revolution.
Between the Restoration and the Glorious Revolution, the Stuart Kings Charles II and James II succeeded in using select militias loyal to them to suppress political dissidents, in part by disarming their opponents…
Under the auspices of the 1671 Game Act, the Catholic James II had ordered general disarmaments of regions home to his Protestant enemies…These experiences caused Englishmen to be extremely wary of concentrated military forces run by the state and to be jealous of their arms. They accordingly obtained an assurance from William and Mary, in the Declaration of Right (which was codified as the English Bill of Rights), that Protestants would never be disarmed: "That the subjects which are Protestants may have arms for their defence, suitable to their conditions, and as allowed by law."

 This right has long been understood to be the predecessor to the Second Amendment of the constitution of the UNITED STATES OF NORTH AMERICA.~~~Al (Alex-Alexander) D Girvan.

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